Engineering and Supervision

ENCON provides engineering services extending from master planning studies to process design. In formulating these services a project specific approach is followed. Depending on the complexity and extent of the services required, ENCON collaborates with national and international experts and companies well known in their areas. We also provide supervision services generally concentrating on implementation of environmental management activities, water and wastewater management and treatment, solid and hazardous waste management.

Environmental modeling (e.g. air and water quality, noise, erosion, risk, spill, hydrological modeling) is one of our core engineering areas together with geographic information systems and remote sensing. Environmental models are abstracted representations of a complex environmental system, which are used for understanding the system and predicting and simulating future changes. Environmental modeling is a powerful technique for quantifying the cause-and effect relationships leading to changes and effects. In this regard, ENCON uses environmental modeling as an integral part of many of its services and combine it with GIS applications for better understanding, predicting, simulating and presentation.

GIS is a powerful tool for collecting, editing and analyzing spatial data. In ENCON, GIS is used for various studies including water, soil, biodiversity, agriculture and land use/land cover issues. By means of spatial analyses; spatial planning, ecological modeling, vulnerability mapping, risk analyses and topographical analyses are done by ENCON. The most common spatial analysis is topographical analysis. Slope and aspect analyses, three dimensional (3D) modeling of topography and monitoring topographical changes are among the topographical analyses conducted.

Remote sensing has been efficiently used by ENCON in many projects. Digital image processing, image interpretation, monitoring and land cover mapping are among our studies using remote sensing. ENCON is equipped and offers a full range of image processing capabilities. The services comprise geo-referencing and geo-coding, ortho-rectification, radiometric correction, mosaicking, merging, aggregating and clipping of different data sets. The following is a general summary of our GIS services that are tailored for the needs of each project:

• Spatial planning
  
• Topographical, slope and aspect analyses (three dimensional)
  
• Thematic mapping and analyses (mapping of land use, habitats and vegetation)
  
• Ecological modeling
  
• Risk analyses
  
• Characterization of river basins
  
• Landscape assessment and management
  
• Site selection and visibility analyses
  
• Remote sensing for land resources using low/high-resolution satellite images
  
• Monitoring (e.g. coastal zones, land use, wetlands, etc.)
  
• Data visualization and simulation
  
• Publishing of advanced GIS web
  
• Building and deployment of web applications

Risk assessment is a tool to determine the degree of uncertainty associated with development activities, which many of them involve various environmental risks. The main objective of risk assessment is to identify hazards and assess risks, and to recommend appropriate risk management strategies. ENCON provides risk assessment and management services for all phases of projects. These services include:

• Identification of hazards due to the activity and its consequences
  
• Probability estimation
  
• Risk analyses and estimation (including conceptual and mathematical modeling)
  
• Risk evaluation and assessment
  
• Identification of risk management options
  
• Development of emergency action plans
  
• Training and Monitoring

We are conducting through risk assessment and management studies for industrial facilities (such as TÜPRAŞ Petroleum Refineries), which are already in operation, and for facilities which are going to be built (such as TPAO Natural Gas Storage Project). In addition, ENCON carries out risk assessment in support of other services it provides to clients. The scope of these studies are determined according to the needs of our clients and the requirements of the projects we are involved. Generally, emergency action plans are developed as an integrated part of the risk management strategies we develop. The training and monitoring capabilities of ENCON serves our clients in this field of work as well.

ENCON was a partner of the consortium that conducted the first integrated pollution prevention and control (IPPC) project in Turkey. In the context of adoption of the EU directives we acted as the local partner of the consortium that conducted the project on Capacity Building for the Implementation of the EU IPPC Directive. IPPC Directive defines the obligations with which the installations operating in industrial and agricultural sectors (for most of which ENCON provides its services) must comply. It uses an integrated approach, which implies that permits must take into account the whole environmental performance of a plant, covering emissions to air, water and soil, generation of waste, use of raw materials, energy efficiency, noise, prevention of accidents, and site remediation upon closure. Thus, all emissions and impacts have to be considered in design of the plant (clean technology) rather than relying only on end-of-pipe techniques.

ENCON provide services in this field with a multidisciplinary approach keeping its focus on the best feasible choice for the clients and for the conservation of environment. Sustainable results are accomplished by using such an approach and especially in the long run the objectives of our clients are better achieved. In this context we provide services such as:

• Analyses of the present or proposed system
  
• Consulting on pollution prevention techniques (e.g. incorporating integrated resource planning into project planning; improving housekeeping and maintenance; evaluation of raw material use including energy and natural resources; etc.)
  
• Consulting on best available techniques (BAT) reference documents
  
• Consulting on cross-cutting environmental issues covering the overall environmental performance
  
• Consulting on integrated permitting
  
• Training and monitoring

Preparation of master plans and feasibility studies are among the services of ENCON. We provide these services mainly for environmental infrastructure projects (including water and wastewater management, solid and hazardous waste management), rural development projects (including land use planning, income generation activities), natural gas storage and mining projects, and development of renewable energy. These services are provided to governmental and private sector clients. In addition, in several cases our client was the European Commission through IPA funds it provides for the EU accession period of Turkey, where the beneficiaries are municipalities or Turkish governmental agencies. This is also the case for the process design and supervision services we provide for water and wastewater and waste management sectors.